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Amethyst is a variety of quartz of magmatic and hydrothermal origin. Its violet color is due to the iron oxide content and because it has been subjected to high temperatures in its formation. Color intensity usually concentrates on the tips of crystals and can sometimes also have milky quartz bands.
Amethyst crystals are pyramidal and vitreous in brightness. Normally the amethyst is crystallized within closed ovoid cavities, called geodes, or also covering open surfaces or cavities, called drusas. It can also be found in the form of individual glass.
It belongs to the group of silicates-tectosilicicates, and its hardness is 7 on the Mohs scale. Most amethyst deposits are located in Brazil and Uruguay, where they date back approximately 160 million years.
The name amethyst derives from the Greek amethustos,which means "not to be drunk", since in ancient Greece it was believed that this stone protected from intoxication. The amethyst is one of the first gems formerly used as ornamental stone and symbol of wealth and power. It has traditionally also been associated with purity and spirituality, as shown by some ancient ornaments, jewels and utensils of India, Tibet or the early Christian Church.
