Mineralogical characteristics
Obsidian is a natural glass of volcanic origin formed by the rapid cooling of silica-rich magmas. The lava solidified so quickly that the minerals did not have time to crystallize. It is characterized by its conchoidal fracture and can be translucent to opaque.
Obsidian is usually black, but there are also different varieties with brown, red, golden or grey tones, due to the presence of iron oxide inclusions, gas bubbles or light-colored spherulites. Depending on the way it is cut, the surface of obsidian can change color (dichroism).
Depending on its color and appearance, obsidian receives different names. In addition to black obsidian, there is rainbow obsidian, golden obsidian, mahogany obsidian, snowflake obsidian and apache tear obsidian. There are also obsidians with blue, greenish and red tones.
The name obsidian comes from the Latin "lapis obsianus", "obsidian stone", derived from Obsius, supposedly a Roman explorer or naturalist, mentioned by Pliny (1st century AD).
In ancient times, obsidian was highly valued because of its conchoidal fracture, which allows very sharp points and cutting tools to be made. It was also used as an amulet and as ornamentation. Mesoamerican cultures polished obsidian to make mirrors, as it has a vitreous and reflective luster. Today obsidian is used in jewelry making, ornamentation and in the manufacture of surgical cutting blades.
Deposits
Mexico, Argentina, Peru, United States, Australia, Chile, Guatemala, Iceland, Greece, Kenya, Italy, Turkey, Japan and Hungary.
Therapeutic properties
Obsidian is considered a powerful stone of personal growth and transformation. As a black stone, it is used for protection, cleansing and purification. It is related to the 1st chakra, to Mother Earth, and represents the integration of light into the earthly world in a conscious and dynamic way.
Obsidian is known for its strength and healing properties. Symbolically, it represents the “mirror” in which the totality of the self is reflected, with its shadow and its light.
One of its characteristics is that it directly shows limiting and shadowed aspects of oneself, giving the opportunity to heal, release or integrate them. For this purpose, it can bring blockages, traumas and memories from the past to the surface. It is recommended to be aware of its properties and its mobilizing capacity before using it.